Concrete grades and their application
Types of concrete
Good day, dear builders! Today we will learn about the varieties of concrete. In fact, there are many kinds. In this article we will talk about what is the viscosity of concrete. Accordingly, there are specific technical standards according to which ready-made concrete mixes are made. It is possible to negotiate with manufacturers and order concrete mix according to your criteria. Concrete according to the concentration of the binder can be of different types:
1. Skinny concrete.
2. Greasy concrete.
3. Ready-mixed concrete.
There is little binder in lean concrete. For this reason, this species is less durable.
The greasy look of concrete has the opposite properties. Here there is a disproportionate binder. There is much more of this substance here.
If there is too much binder, then cracks and deformation are likely. Naturally, the more binder in the composition, the more water. And all this for the reason that the binder contains a lot of liquid. For this reason, this type of concrete contains a large percentage of liquid.
Now let's move on to ready-mixed concrete. This variety is notable for the fact that the concrete here is made with high quality and according to strict standards. It is very unlikely that there will be any problems with concrete.
In the modern realities of repair and construction work, such a binder as concrete has become the most widespread. It is used in a full range of repair and construction work. Foundation pouring, curbs, fences, production of monolithic load-bearing structures and assemblies, production of all kinds of rigid ribs, piles, columns - concrete is used everywhere. This building material is an artificially created stone component of high strength in structure. Depending on the grades of application, or rather, the strength required from the material, concretes are divided into the following types:
• extra light;
• lungs;
•heavy;
• especially heavy.
Concrete marking consists of two pairs of basic alphabetic and digital indicators, and several auxiliary ones. For example, marking M 100 (B 7.5) means: “M” - brand, 100 - axial compressive strength (kgf / cm2), “B” - concrete class, 7.5 - level of allowable pressure on the material ( in MPa). In addition to the main indicators, there are additional ones: frost resistance, water resistance, mobility - the physical ability of the concrete mixture to fill the volume of the form (indices F, W, P, respectively).
Most common concrete grades
In repair and construction works, the following grades of concrete are considered the most common:M 100 (B 7.5),M 150 (B 12.5),M 200 (B 15),M 250 (B 20),M 300 (B 22.5),M 350 (B 25),M 400 (B 30),M 450 (B 35)AndM 500 (B 40).
Brand M 100 (B 7.5)
Concrete grade M 100 (B 7.5) is a type of especially lightweight concrete. This brand is widely used in works that do not require high strength indicators from concrete: road construction, preparation of the base for the installation of reinforced concrete slabs, pouring a solid surface for the installation of road and sidewalk curbs, curbs.
Brand M 150 (B 12.5)
Mark M 150 (B 12.5) is a type of lightweight (in the professional field - lean) concrete. Although the brand is similar in application to M 100, it is somewhat stronger. Such concrete is widely used in pouring screeds, floors, arranging pedestrian areas (pouring the base under the curbs). The strength of this brand is quite enough to fill the foundation for small architectural forms and structures (small fences, partitions, walls).
Brand M 200 (B 15)
Concrete M 200 (B 15) has more serious compressive strength characteristics. It is widely used in construction, as well as in the manufacture of supporting structures. This brand is used when pouring foundations of various stiffness, concrete pads, foundations of monolithic blocks. Elements of ladder blocks are made from M 200.
Brand M 250 (B 20)
Concrete M 250 (B 20) is somewhat superior in strength to M 200. This brand is similar in application to M 200. Foundation, stair blocks, the formation of sidewalk and garden paths. The properties of M 250 allow the use of this concrete in the manufacture of small floor slabs.
Brand M 300 (B 22.5)
Concrete brand M 300 (B 22.5) is universal. The brand is used in construction work requiring medium strength values from the material. This brand is most widely used in pouring monolithic foundations (tape, pile, tile, grillage, columnar). It is perfect for pouring foundations for residential private houses of various designs.
Brand M 350 (B 25)
Concrete M 350 (B 25) has a high structural strength. It is used in pouring complex foundations of multi-storey buildings. The strength of M 350 allows this brand to be used in the manufacture of reliable floor slabs, load-bearing beams and stiffeners. Concrete meets high strength requirements, therefore it is widely used in the construction of multi-storey buildings for trade and commercial purposes.
Heavy and extra heavy concrete grades
Brand M 400 (B 30)
Mark M 400 (B 30) refers to the type of heavy concrete. The brand is used in the construction of architectural and technological structures of increased complexity. M 400 is used in the construction of shopping and entertainment centers, multi-storey housing buildings, palaces of culture. It is also suitable for the manufacture of reinforced concrete slabs of special reliability, supporting hydraulic structures, walls of banking institutions (money vaults).
Brand M 450 (B 35)
Concrete M 450 (B 35) is one of the most durable and expensive concrete materials. It has special strength characteristics. In addition to the main indicators, M 450 perfectly withstands low-temperature effects. It has an absolutely waterproof structure. As a result, it is widely used in the ambitious construction of river dams, dams, subway tunnels.
Brand M 500 (B 40)
And, finally, concrete grade M 500 (B 40). This is a particularly heavy type of concrete, containing the largest proportion of cement in its structure. Mark M 500 - selective use. Has the maximum indicators of durability and reliability. It is used in the manufacture of reinforced concrete structures that meet special requirements for reliability and safety. As a rule, this is the construction of special facilities for special purposes.